DOMPERIDONE

General information

 Preparation Strength
Tab. Domperidone 10 mg

Description of the drug
Benzimidazole derivative which possesses prokinetic and antiemetic properties.

Mode of Action
It is a Dopamine receptor antagonist but penetrates blood brain barriers poorly hence, action is mainly in periphery and less efficient than that of metaclopromide. However, it acts on the posterior pituitary to produce hyperprolactinemia by D2 antagonism.

Pharmacokinetics
It is absorbed from GIT, but undergoes first pass metabolism in liver. Bioavailability is only 15%, following oral administration. Its metabolites are excreted in feces mainly and also in urine. Plasma half life - 7-8 hours; onset of action in 1 hour.

Clinical information

Indications
As an anti-emetic for relief of nausea / vomiting of any cause.
- Radiation / uremia.
- Drug induced
- Postoperatively.

Dosage
Adult - 20-40 mg t.d.s / as required.
Childre - 0.3 mg / kg t.d.s.

Routes of Administration
Oral

Contraindications
GI obstruction /perforation - pheochromocytoma.
CNS disorders - epilepsy.

Precautions / Practice points
* Administered cautiously to psychotic patient.
* Less CNS penetration, hence risk of extra pyramidal side effects is low.
* When used to countereact emetogenic action of drugs - administer 1/2 to 1 hour before the drug to prevent emesis.
Adverse effects
Rare :
* Headache, skin rashes loose stools.
* Hyperprolactinemia - Galactorrea, amenorrhea, gynaecomastia, etc.
* Extra-pyramidal side effects - dystonic reactions very rare.

Drug Toxicity
Results when dose exceeds 500 microgram/kg body weight daily. The symptoms are Acute dystonic reactions, - restlessness, drowsiness, headache, bowel upsets etc.

Treatment of Toxicity
* Gastric lavage, and symptomatic treatment.

Storage
* Store in airtight container protect from light.

Shelf life
* 3 years.