INTEGRATED DISEASE SURVEILLANCE

OPERATION RESEARCH

Case Definitions

1) Measles:

Any person with fever and maculopapular (non-vesicular) generalized rash and cough,

coryza or conjunctivitis (red eyes) or any person in whom a clinician suspects measles.

2) Malaria:

Any person with fever or fever with headache, back pain, chills, sweats, myalgia, nausea,

and vomiting diagnosed clinically as malaria.

3) Leprosy:

A person showing one of three cardinal signs of leprosy: hypopigmented or reddish skin

lesion, loss or decrease of sensations in skin patch, enlargement of peripheral nerve.

4) Cholera:

In a patient age 5 years or more, severe dehydration or death from acute watery diarrhea; If

there is a cholera epidemic, a suspected case is any person age 5 years or more with acute

watery diarrhoea, with or without vomiting.

5) Plague:

Any person with sudden onset of fever, chills, headache, severe malaise, prostration and

very painful swelling of lymph nodes, or cough with blood stained sputum, chest pain, and

difficulty in breathing.

6) Poliomyelitis (Acute flaccid paralysis):

Any child under 15 years of age with acute flaccid paralysis or any person with paralytic

illness at any age in whom the clinician suspects poliomyelitis.

7) Tuberculosis:

Any person with a cough of 3 weeks or more.

8) Viral haemorrhagic fevers

Illness with onset of fever and no response to usual causes of fever in the area, and at least

one of the following signs: bloody diarrhoea, bleeding from gums, bleeding into skin

(purpura), bleeding into eyes and urine.

9) Enteric Fever

Insidious onset of continued fever, headache, rose spots on the trunk, malaise and loss of

appetite usually with gastrointestinal symptoms of more than one week duration having any

two or more than two of the following signs: Toxic look; Coated tongue; Relative

bradycardia; Splenic enlargement; non productive cough

10) Leptospirosis:

Acute febrile illness with headache, myalgia and prostration associated with any of the

following symptoms: conjunctival suffusion ; meningeal irritation ; anuria or oliguria and /

or proteinuria ; jaundice ; haemorrhages (from the intestine, lung ) ; cardiac arrhythmia or

failure ; skin rash and a history of exposure to infected animals or an environment

contaminated with animal urine.

11) Road Traffic accident:

Any injury due to crashes originating, terminating or involving a vehicle partially or fully

on a public highway.

INSTITUTE OF COMMUNITY MEDICINE, MADRAS MEDICAL COLLEGE

Dr.S.Mahalakshmi.